1) Al-Hawala (the transference of a debt from one person to another. It is an agreement whereby a debtor is released from a debt by another becoming responsible for it). Can Hawala be rejected by the creditors after accepting it?
باب فِي الْحَوَالَةِ، وَهَلْ يَرْجِعُ فِي الْحَوَالَةِ
Al-Hasan and Qatada said, “If the transferee was rich when the debt was transferred, the agreement is final and irrevocable by the creditor.”
Ibn ‘Abbas said, “When two partners disassociate and one of them accepts assets while the other accepts debts as a part of his share, if the debts could not be collected (because of the death of the debtor, his bankruptcy, or his denial of the debt, etc.), the one who has accepted the debts would have no right to demand any compensation from his partner.” This is applied also in setting the affairs of inheritors.
وَقَالَ الْحَسَنُ وَقَتَادَةُ إِذَا كَانَ يَوْمَ أَحَالَ عَلَيْهِ مَلِيًّا جَازَ.
وَقَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ يَتَخَارَجُ الشَّرِيكَانِ وَأَهْلُ الْمِيرَاثِ، فَيَأْخُذُ هَذَا عَيْنًا وَهَذَا دَيْنًا، فَإِنْ تَوِيَ لأَحَدِهِمَا لَمْ يَرْجِعْ عَلَى صَاحِبِهِ.
2287
Al-Hawala (the transference of a debt from one person to another. It is an agreement whereby a debtor is released from a debt by another becoming responsible for it). Can Hawala be rejected by the creditors after accepting it?
Narrated by Abu Huraira
حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ يُوسُفَ، أَخْبَرَنَا مَالِكٌ، عَنْ أَبِي الزِّنَادِ، عَنِ الأَعْرَجِ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ ـ رضى الله عنه ـ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ " مَطْلُ الْغَنِيِّ ظُلْمٌ، فَإِذَا أُتْبِعَ أَحَدُكُمْ عَلَى مَلِيٍّ فَلْيَتْبَعْ ".
The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "Procrastination (delay) in paying debts by a wealthy man is injustice. So, if your debt is transferred from your debtor to a rich debtor, you should agree."
How to Apply This in Life
Apply this Hadith by treating debt transfer seriously and fairly. If repayment is moved to a capable and reliable person, accept the lawful arrangement and avoid needless dispute, delay, or pressure built on injustice.
Reference :
Sahih al-Bukhari 2287
In-book reference :
Book 38, Hadith 1
USC-MSA web (English) reference :
Vol. 3, Book 37, Hadith 486
Scheme :
(deprecated numbering scheme)
2) If somebody's debt are transferred to a rich debtor
باب إِذَا أَحَالَ عَلَى مَلِيٍّ فَلَيْسَ لَهُ رَدٌّ
2288
If somebody's debt are transferred to a rich debtor
Narrated by Abu Huraira
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يُوسُفَ، حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ، عَنِ ابْنِ ذَكْوَانَ، عَنِ الأَعْرَجِ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ ـ رضى الله عنه ـ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ " مَطْلُ الْغَنِيِّ ظُلْمٌ، وَمَنْ أُتْبِعَ عَلَى مَلِيٍّ فَلْيَتَّبِعْ ".
The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "Procrastination (delay) in paying debts by a wealthy person is injustice. So, if your debt is transferred from your debtor to a rich debtor, you should agree."
How to Apply This in Life
Apply this Hadith by not rejecting a just debt transfer when the new payer is financially able. This helps settle obligations smoothly and prevents wrongful delay or stubbornness in financial dealings.
Reference :
Sahih al-Bukhari 2288
In-book reference :
Book 38, Hadith 2
USC-MSA web (English) reference :
Vol. 3, Book 37, Hadith 487
Scheme :
(deprecated numbering scheme)
3) If the debts due on a dead person are transferred to somebody, the transference is legal
باب إِنْ أَحَالَ دَيْنَ الْمَيِّتِ عَلَى رَجُلٍ جَازَ
2289
If the debts due on a dead person are transferred to somebody, the transference is legal
Narrated by Salama bin Al-Akwa
حَدَّثَنَا الْمَكِّيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، حَدَّثَنَا يَزِيدُ بْنُ أَبِي عُبَيْدٍ، عَنْ سَلَمَةَ بْنِ الأَكْوَعِ ـ رضى الله عنه ـ قَالَ كُنَّا جُلُوسًا عِنْدَ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم إِذْ أُتِيَ بِجَنَازَةٍ، فَقَالُوا صَلِّ عَلَيْهَا. فَقَالَ " هَلْ عَلَيْهِ دَيْنٌ ". قَالُوا لاَ. قَالَ " فَهَلْ تَرَكَ شَيْئًا ". قَالُوا لاَ. فَصَلَّى عَلَيْهِ ثُمَّ أُتِيَ بِجَنَازَةٍ أُخْرَى، فَقَالُوا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، صَلِّ عَلَيْهَا. قَالَ " هَلْ عَلَيْهِ دَيْنٌ ". قِيلَ نَعَمْ. قَالَ " فَهَلْ تَرَكَ شَيْئًا ". قَالُوا ثَلاَثَةَ دَنَانِيرَ. فَصَلَّى عَلَيْهَا، ثُمَّ أُتِيَ بِالثَّالِثَةِ، فَقَالُوا صَلِّ عَلَيْهَا. قَالَ " هَلْ تَرَكَ شَيْئًا ". قَالُوا لاَ. قَالَ " فَهَلْ عَلَيْهِ دَيْنٌ ". قَالُوا ثَلاَثَةُ دَنَانِيرَ. قَالَ " صَلُّوا عَلَى صَاحِبِكُمْ ". قَالَ أَبُو قَتَادَةَ صَلِّ عَلَيْهِ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، وَعَلَىَّ دَيْنُهُ. فَصَلَّى عَلَيْهِ.
Once, while we were sitting in the company of Prophet, a dead man was brought. The Prophet (ﷺ) was requested to lead the funeral prayer for the deceased. He said, "Is he in debt?" The people replied in the negative. He said, "Has he left any wealth?" They said, "No." So, he led his funeral prayer. Another dead man was brought and the people said, "O Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)! Lead his funeral prayer." The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "Is he in debt?" They said, "Yes." He said, "Has he left any wealth?" They said, ''Three Dinars." So, he led the prayer. Then a third dead man was brought and the people said (to the Prophet (ﷺ) ), Please lead his funeral prayer." He said, "Has he left any wealth?" They said, "No." He asked, "Is he in debt?" They said, ("Yes! He has to pay) three Diners.', He (refused to pray and) said, "Then pray for your (dead) companion." Abu Qatada said, "O Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)! Lead his funeral prayer, and I will pay his debt." So, he led the prayer.
How to Apply This in Life
Apply this Hadith by taking debts seriously, especially after death, and by stepping in responsibly when you are able to settle another person’s obligation. Clearing debts is a serious moral duty, not a casual matter.
Reference :
Sahih al-Bukhari 2289
In-book reference :
Book 38, Hadith 3
USC-MSA web (English) reference :
Vol. 3, Book 37, Hadith 488
Scheme :
(deprecated numbering scheme)
